Wikipedia is a crowd-edited encyclopedia cited here for background on Bitcoin-related people and companies, not a venue Satoshi or his contemporaries used.
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The only record of Satoshi's gender is one field on a profile that has never been confirmed, yet Satoshi is still called 'he.' Every named candidate is a man, and it all traces to a male pen name.
TerraUSD held its peg with an algorithm, not a reserve. In May 2022 the mechanism reversed: Luna's supply exploded from 343 million to 6.53 trillion, and $40 billion vanished in six days.
A curated way in: questions about Satoshi Nakamoto and Bitcoin history, each pointing to the page that answers it in full.
Bitcoin Cash inherited Bitcoin's ledger and 21 million cap at the 2017 fork, then split twice more under implementation teams with no single founder to arbitrate.
No block-size limit, one company's reference client, and five 51%-attack reorgs in a single year — Bitcoin SV's design record, measured against the 'original protocol' it set out to restore.
The only candidate who claimed the identity himself — declared in coordinated BBC and Economist interviews in May 2016, cryptographic proof in hand. The evidence, weighed.
He wrote E4M, then built a criminal empire. The case Evan Ratliff, author of The Mastermind, set out in 2019 for Paul Le Roux as Satoshi, weighed.
Weighing the 'Blockstream controls Bitcoin' charge against the documentary record: where it comes from, and how each link in the chain holds up.
Bitcoin's 2015–2017 block-size war by phase, faction and turning point: Bitcoin XT, the BIP148 UASF, the New York Agreement, Bitcoin Cash and the cancellation of SegWit2x.
Iconic Bitcoin losses by how they happened: a forgotten password (Thomas), physical disposal (Howells), collapsed custodians (QuadrigaCX, Mt. Gox, FTX), all made final by Bitcoin's irreversibility.
119,756 BTC stolen from Bitfinex (Aug 2016). DOJ arrested Lichtenstein and Morgan in Feb 2022 and recovered ~94,000 BTC — the largest US financial seizure at the time.
Why Bitcoin's 2015-2017 fork wars were fights over what Bitcoin is, not OSS disputes: the authority vacuum after 2011, the money riding on rule choices, and three layers binding code to currency.
Mihai Alisie and Vitalik Buterin launched Bitcoin Magazine in 2012; first print issue May 2012. Grew out of Buterin's writing for the Bitcoin Weekly blog; became a long-running Bitcoin outlet.
Vincent Durham launched Namecoin on April 18, 2011 — the first altcoin and first fork of the Bitcoin codebase. It implemented the BitDNS proposal as a decentralized name registration system.
Charlie Lee launched Litecoin on October 13, 2011 as a Bitcoin-codebase fork with Scrypt PoW, 2.5-minute blocks, and 84 M cap. He framed it as 'silver to Bitcoin's gold'.
Markus and Palmer launched Dogecoin on December 6, 2013, built on Luckycoin (a Litecoin fork) around the 'Doge' meme. Initially a satire of crypto speculation, it grew into a top-10 cryptocurrency.
Mike Hearn and Gavin Andresen released Bitcoin XT 0.11A, a Bitcoin Core fork implementing BIP 101 — 8 MB blocks doubling every two years. The launch opened the public phase of the block-size war.
Bitcoin Cash forked from Bitcoin after block 478558; ViaBTC mined its first block (1.9 MB) at 18:12 UTC. The 8 MB chain without SegWit became the first protocol fork to last as a separate network.
Bitcoin SV (Satoshi Vision) split from Bitcoin Cash on November 15, 2018, and a hash war with the Bitcoin ABC faction followed. The SV chain restored larger blocks and 'original' opcodes.
Genealogy of every Bitcoin protocol fork that left a separate chain alive (Bitcoin Cash, SV, Gold) and the adjacent cryptocurrencies derived from Bitcoin (Namecoin, Litecoin, Dogecoin).
Wei Dai's b-money is whitepaper reference [1], his Crypto++ shipped inside Bitcoin v0.1, and he was the second person Satoshi contacted. The evidence for Wei Dai as Satoshi, weighed.
He built RPOW, received the first Bitcoin transaction, and lived blocks from Dorian Satoshi Nakamoto. The evidence for Hal Finney as Satoshi, weighed.
He conceived Bit Gold, and three of the four most-cited stylometric studies place him first. The evidence for Nick Szabo as Satoshi, weighed.
Bitcoin v0.1 reuses one cypherpunk primitive (PoW from Hashcash), borrows general CS components (Merkle trees, linked timestamping, ECDSA), and synthesizes the rest (UTXO, mining, 21M cap, P2P).
Hashcash's inventor and the first person Satoshi contacted. In April 2026 the NYT named him the closest stylometric match among 620 cryptography-mailing-list writers. The evidence, weighed.
Satoshi has been hunted in public for years and left a large trail of material, yet remains unidentified. Why all that searching and all that material have not led to a name.
How "Satoshi Nakamoto" stayed unidentified through development, the public phase and withdrawal, in six layers: pseudonym, channels, language, development environment, genesis constants and handover.
Twelve recurring Satoshi candidates, compared across four independent layers: profile match, stylometric attribution, direct correspondence and development environment.
The only Japanese-named candidate, creator of the anonymous P2P system Winny. The evidence for Isamu Kaneko as Satoshi, weighed.
After Len Sassaman's death (July 3, 2011), security researcher Dan Kaminsky embedded an ASCII-art tribute into the Bitcoin blockchain, announced July 30 and revealed at Black Hat USA 2011.
The Mixmaster developer who died 68 days after Satoshi's last known email. The evidence for Len Sassaman as Satoshi, weighed.
Gavin Andresen begins corresponding with Satoshi after discovering Bitcoin in May 2010 and starts submitting code contributions. He creates the Bitcoin Faucet to give away free BTC and boost adoption.
No single day handed Bitcoin to Gavin Andresen: his own commits from October 11, a server-admin pick on December 3, Satoshi's last post on December 12, and his December 19 announcement.